In 976, Leopold I of Babenberg became count of the Eastern March, a district centered on the Danube on the eastern frontier of Bavaria. The company planned to achieve targets of rolling out 40 NFC phone models and 30 Mn NFC SIMs by 2014. In the Austrian Civil War of 1934 Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss sent the Austrian Army to shell civilian housing such as the Karl Marx-Hof occupied by the socialist militia. Center pivot irrigation is a form of overhead sprinkler irrigation consisting of several segments of pipe (usually galvanized steel or aluminum) with sprinklers positioned along their length, joined together and supported by trusses, and mounted on wheeled towers. The city functioned as a center of classical music, for which the title of the First Viennese School (Haydn/Mozart/Beethoven) is sometimes applied. Dancers and opera singers from the Vienna State Opera often perform at the openings of the larger balls. These standards specify the modulation schemes, coding, transfer speeds and frame format of the RF interface of NFC devices, as well as initialization schemes and conditions required for data collision-control during initialization for both passive and active NFC modes. The Soviets did not blockade the city. The matches are played in the Wiener Stadthalle. Samsung Galaxy devices have a feature named S-Beam—an extension of Android Beam that uses NFC (to share MAC Address and IP addresses) and then uses Wi-Fi Direct to share files and documents. The city has enacted many social democratic policies. Irish Benedictines founded twelfth-century monastic settlements; evidence of these ties persists in the form of Vienna's great Schottenstift monastery (Scots Abbey), once home to many Irish monks. [82] The chip enables users to interact with the ball using a smartphone. [18][19][20][21][22] In 2018, it replaced Melbourne as the number one spot [23] and continued as the first in 2019. [43] It attracts over 6.8 million tourists a year. You’re stressed, and it’s beginning to show -- in more ways than one. [2] For example, Android Beam software uses NFC to enable pairing and establish a Bluetooth connection when doing a file transfer and then disabling Bluetooth on both devices upon completion. This interface can be used for parameterization of the component as well. [75], According to the 2001 census, 49.2% of Viennese were Catholic, while 25.7% were of no religion, 7.8% were Muslim, 6.0% were members of an Eastern Orthodox Christian denomination, 4.7% were Protestant (mostly Lutheran), 0.5% were Jewish and 6.3% were either of other religions or did not reply. NFC sticker-based payments in Australia's Bankmecu and card issuer Cuscal completed an NFC payment sticker trial, enabling consumers to make contactless payments at Visa payWave terminals using a smart sticker stuck to their phone. The number of high-rise buildings is kept low by building legislation aimed at preserving green areas and districts designated as world cultural heritage. In 2014, Vienna has accommodated 1,329 research facilities; 40,400 persons are employed in the R&D sector and 35% of Austria's R&D expenses are invested in the city. There are approximately 60,000 – 70,000 Wienerlieder.[144]. Modern attractions include the Hundertwasserhaus, the United Nations headquarters and the view from the Donauturm. [39][40][41] Vienna regularly hosts urban planning conferences and is often used as a case study by urban planners. Elevation ranges from 151 to 542 m (495 to 1,778 ft). Vienna (/ v i ˈ ɛ n ə / (); German: Wien (); Austro-Bavarian: Wean) is the national capital, largest city, and one of nine states of Austria.Vienna is Austria's most populous city, with about 1.9 million inhabitants (2.6 million within the metropolitan area, nearly one third of the country's population), and its cultural, economic, and political center. It was later included in the Nintendo 3DS range (being built into the New Nintendo 3DS/XL and in a separately sold reader which uses Infrared to communicate to older 3DS family consoles). Only the city temple in the 1st district was spared, as the data of all Jews in Vienna were collected in the adjacent archives. NFC-enabled devices can act as electronic identity documents found in Passports and ID cards, and keycards for the use in Fare cards, Transit passes, Login Cards, Car key and Access badges . The Vienna Life Science Cluster is Austria's major hub for life science research, education and business. It is available in almost every restaurant that serves Viennese cuisine and can be eaten hot or cold. Most radical is the church's crypt, with its slender concrete columns and angular, cubist capitals and bases. Also, local soft drinks such as Almdudler are popular around the country as an alternative to alcoholic beverages, placing it on the top spots along American counterparts such as Coca-Cola in terms of market share. NFC is rooted in radio-frequency identification technology (known as RFID) which allows compatible hardware to both supply power to and communicate with an otherwise unpowered and passive electronic tag using radio waves. That year, after years of reconstruction and restoration, the State Opera and the Burgtheater, both on the Ringstraße, reopened to the public. The museums on the history of the city, including the former Historical Museum of the City of Vienna on Karlsplatz, the Hermesvilla, the residences and birthplaces of various composers, the Museum of the Romans, and the Vienna Clock Museum, are now gathered together under the group umbrella Vienna Museum. Between 2011 and 2015, Vienna was ranked second, behind Melbourne. Vienna is located in northeastern Austria, at the easternmost extension of the Alps in the Vienna Basin. StoLPaN will examine the potential for NFC local wireless mobile communication. The Viennese balls are being exported with the support of the City of Vienna in around 30 cities worldwide such as New York, Barcelona, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur, Rome, Prague, Bucharest, Berlin and Moscow. By 1955, the Soviets, by signing the Austrian State Treaty, agreed to relinquish their occupation zones in Eastern Austria as well as their sector in Vienna. In 1145 Duke Henry II Jasomirgott moved the Babenberg family residence from Klosterneuburg in Lower Austria to Vienna. You’re having problems at work or at home. [42] Between 2005 and 2010, Vienna was the world's number-one destination for international congresses and conventions. Up until 2005, the Theater an der Wien has hosted premieres of musicals, although with the year of the Mozart celebrations 2006 it has devoted itself to the opera again and has since become a stagione opera house offering one new production each month, thus quickly becoming one of Europe's most interesting and advanced opera houses. [142], In 2014, the Vienna City Council adopted the Smart City Wien Framework Strategy 2050. The atmosphere of four-power Vienna is the background for Graham Greene's screenplay for the film The Third Man (1949). NFC tags contain data and are typically read-only, but may be writable. "[89] UNESCO set the restriction for the height of the construction in the city center to 43 metres (141 ft). The mainly Gothic Stephansdom is located at the center of the city, on Stephansplatz. [113] [95] This coalition was maintained following the 2015 election. Applications include secure personal data storage (e.g. After the end of the war, the Jewish population of Vienna was about only 5,000. [13] A platform-independent free and open source NFC library, .mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}libnfc, is available under the GNU Lesser General Public License. Similar ideas in advertising and industrial applications were not generally successful commercially, outpaced by technologies such as QR codes, barcodes and UHF RFID tags. Austrians came to regard Vienna as a center of socialist politics, sometimes referred to as "Red Vienna"(“Das rote Wien”). Small parks, known by the Viennese as Beserlparks, are everywhere in the inner city areas. Administrative district offices in Vienna (called Magistratische Bezirksämter) serve functions similar to those in the other Austrian states (called Bezirkshauptmannschaften), the officers being subject to the mayor of Vienna; with the notable exception of the police, which is under federal supervision. The Donauinsel, part of Vienna's flood defenses, is a 21.1 km (13.1 mi) long artificial island between the Danube and Neue Donau dedicated to leisure activities. The ISO/IEC 18092 standard supports data rates of 106, 212 or 424 kbit/s. Later he adapted the screenplay as a novel and published it. As NFC uses radio waves for data transfer the possibility for any number of security attack vectors exist such as eavesdropping, data corruption, data modification and imposter attacks (man in the middle). In the 16th and 17th centuries Christian forces twice stopped Ottoman armies outside Vienna, in the 1529 Siege of Vienna and the 1683 Battle of Vienna. Since 2012 Theater an der Wien has taken over the Wiener Kammeroper, a historical small theater in the first district of Vienna seating 300 spectators, turning it into its second venue for smaller sized productions and chamber operas created by the young ensemble of Theater an der Wien (JET). As with proximity card technology, NFC uses inductive coupling between two nearby loop antennas effectively forming an air-core transformer. A world capital of music, Vienna played host to composers such as Brahms, Bruckner, Mahler and Richard Strauss. [56] Also, eavesdropping is highly affected by the communication mode. Vienna also hosted the negotiations leading to the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on Iran's nuclear program as well as the Vienna peace talks for Syria. [70], NFC Forum promotes NFC and certifies device compliance[5] and whether it fits in a personal area network.[5]. [2][3], From 2005 to 2015 the city's population grew by 10.1%. ", "Mercer | Quality of Living Ranking 2016", "Monocle's top 25 cities for 2011, on businessinsider.com", "Monocle's 2011 "Quality of LIfe" summary", "2thinknow Innovation Cities Global 256 Index – worldwide innovation city rankings: Innovation Cities Program", "Vienna is the world's number one congress destination", "Vienna Tourist Board: Arrivals & bednights 2016", "1913: When Hitler, Trotsky, Tito, Freud and Stalin all lived in the same place", "Vienna Skewered as a Nazi-Era Pillager of Its Jews", "Expulsion, Deportation to concentration camps and mass murder – History of the Jews in Vienna From racist mania to genocide", Die Verfolgung der österreichischen Juden, The history of the Jewish community in Vienna, Operation Crossbow - Preliminary missions for the Operation Overlord, "Statistik Austria - Bevölkerung zu Jahresbeginn 2002-2020 nach Gemeinden (Gebietsstand 1.1.2020)", Statistisches Jahrbuch der Stadt Wien 2019, "Bevölkerung 2001 nach Umgangssprache, Staatsangehörigkeit und Geburtsland", "Beč: Božić na gastarbajterski način | Evropa | Deutsche Welle | 7 January 2010", "Wien: Anteil der Katholiken seit 1970ern halbiert", Vienna Institute of Demography Working Papers 13/2018 - Religious Affiliations in Austria at the Provincial Level: Estimates for Vorarlberg, 2001-2018, "Klimamittel 1981–2010: Luftfeuchtigkeit", "Klimadaten von Österreich 1971–2000 – Wien-Innere-Stadt", "Vienna, Austria - Monthly weather forecast and Climate data", "Vienna's World Heritage status under threat over plans to build a 66 metres (217 ft) tower", "The Difficult Protection of Vienna's Historic Centre", "Pakt unterzeichnet: Rot-Grün in Wien nun offiziell – news.ORF.at", "The 25 Most Economically Powerful Cities in the World", "Sorry, London: New York Is the World's Most Economically Powerful City", "Vienna as hub for Eastern and South-Eastern Europe", "Wieder Rekordergebnis bei Betriebsansiedlungen", "Unternehmensgründungen nach Bundesländern", "Vienna among top ten start-up cities worldwide", "Top 10 Startup Cities Where Entrepreneurs Want to Meet Up", "Home- LISA: Advancing Austrian life science at the heart of Europe", "Why Vienna Is The Best Place To Start A Business", "IKT Standort Wien im Vergleich Endbericht", "Discover the World's Greatest Internet Cities", "2016 brought new high in overnight stays for Vienna", "Vienna's performance in international competition", "ICCA most popular cities for association meetings", "Vienna Tops Mercer's 21st Quality of Living Ranking", "The Monocle Quality of Life Survey 2015", "Wien Hauptbahnhof officially inaugurated", "Der Wiener Hauptbahnhof ist eröffnet, zumindest offiziell", "Weltweit erstes 24-stöckiges Holzhochhaus in Aspern Seestadt", https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxHS2BRUkknhHM6DMwKLQjQ, "International activities of the City of Vienna", "Dialekte sind nicht vom Aussterben bedroht, aber...", "Basketball: 3x3-Weltmeisterschaft 2021 findet in Wien statt", "Vienna in figures: Special Issue for the EU Presidency 2006", "Top 30 Sights, Museums, Exhibition Halls 2005", Information about Vienna and Centrope countries, Hundreds of articles on historical buildings of Vienna: Churches, Palaces, Art, Culture and History of Vienna, History of the Coat of Arms of Vienna and all (former) districts and municipalities, Events and useful information from Vienna, Hallstatt-Dachstein/Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape, Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps, Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe, Institutional seats of the European Union, Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vienna&oldid=1015616967, NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union, Populated places established in the 1st millennium BC, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with dead external links from February 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Pages using Template:Austria metadata Wikidata without references, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The name of the city in Hungarian (Bécs), Serbo-Croatian (Beč; Cyrillic: .mw-parser-output .script-Cprt{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Cypriot",Code2001}.mw-parser-output .script-Hano{font-size:125%;font-family:"Noto Sans Hanunoo",FreeSerif,Quivira}.mw-parser-output .script-Latf,.mw-parser-output .script-de-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Breitkopf Fraktur",UnifrakturCook,UniFrakturMaguntia,MarsFraktur,"MarsFraktur OT",KochFraktur,"KochFraktur OT",OffenbacherSchwabOT,"LOB.AlteSchwabacher","LOV.AlteSchwabacher","LOB.AtlantisFraktur","LOV.AtlantisFraktur","LOB.BreitkopfFraktur","LOV.BreitkopfFraktur","LOB.FetteFraktur","LOV.FetteFraktur","LOB.Fraktur3","LOV.Fraktur3","LOB.RochFraktur","LOV.RochFraktur","LOB.PostFraktur","LOV.PostFraktur","LOB.RuelhscheFraktur","LOV.RuelhscheFraktur","LOB.RungholtFraktur","LOV.RungholtFraktur","LOB.TheuerbankFraktur","LOV.TheuerbankFraktur","LOB.VinetaFraktur","LOV.VinetaFraktur","LOB.WalbaumFraktur","LOV.WalbaumFraktur","LOB.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOV.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOB.WieynckFraktur","LOV.WieynckFraktur","LOB.ZentenarFraktur","LOV.ZentenarFraktur"}.mw-parser-output .script-en-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:Cankama,"Old English Text MT","Textura Libera","Textura Libera Tenuis",London}.mw-parser-output .script-it-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Rotunda Pommerania",Rotunda,"Typographer Rotunda"}.mw-parser-output .script-Lina{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear A"}.mw-parser-output .script-Linb{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear B"}.mw-parser-output .script-Ugar{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Ugaritic",Aegean}.mw-parser-output .script-Xpeo{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Old Persian",Artaxerxes,Xerxes,Aegean}Беч) and Ottoman Turkish (Beç) has a different, probably Slavonic origin, and originally referred to an Avar fort in the area. [163], This article is about the capital of Austria. One such organization is the network of SOS Children's Villages, founded by Hermann Gmeiner in 1949. [24] For ten consecutive years (2009–2019), the human-resource-consulting firm Mercer ranked Vienna first in its annual "Quality of Living" survey of hundreds of cities around the world. Vienna (/viˈɛnə/ (listen);[8][9] German: Wien [viːn] (listen); Austro-Bavarian: Wean) is the national capital, largest city, and one of nine states of Austria. The Soviet Union signed the State Treaty only after having been provided with a political guarantee by the federal government to declare Austria's neutrality after the withdrawal of the allied troops. Adolf Eichmann held office in the expropriated Palais Rothschild and organized the expropriation and persecution of the Jews. Many of Vienna's parks include monuments, such as the Stadtpark with its statue of Johann Strauss II, and the gardens of the baroque palace, where the State Treaty was signed. The Innere Stadt is situated away from the main flow of the Danube, but is bounded by the Donaukanal ("Danube canal"). Guests such as Bill Clinton and Whoopi Goldberg were recent attendees. [38] The city was ranked 1st globally for its culture of innovation in 2007 and 2008, and sixth globally (out of 256 cities) in the 2014 Innovation Cities Index, which analyzed 162 indicators in covering three areas: culture, infrastructure, and markets. Famous composers including Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethoven, Ferdinand Ries, Franz Schubert, Johannes Brahms, Gustav Mahler, Robert Stolz, and Arnold Schoenberg have worked there. In a 2005 study of 127 world cities, the Economist Intelligence Unit ranked the city first (in a tie with Vancouver and San Francisco) for the world's most livable cities. First, many parents feel there's a stigma attached to the Viennese dialect so they speak Standard German to their children. [99], Since the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989, Vienna has expanded its position as gateway to Eastern Europe: 300 international companies have their Eastern European headquarters in Vienna and its environs. These include Apfelstrudel (hot apple strudel), Milchrahmstrudel (milk-cream strudel), Palatschinken (sweet pancakes), and Knödel (dumplings) often filled with fruit such as apricots (Marillenknödel). Third, young people are influenced by mass media which is most always delivered in Standard German.[154]. "[33][34][35][36][37] The UN-Habitat classified Vienna as the most prosperous city in the world in 2012/2013. Vienna is well known for Wiener Schnitzel, a cutlet of veal (Kalbsschnitzel) or pork (Schweinsschnitzel) that is pounded flat, coated in flour, egg and breadcrumbs, and fried in clarified butter. NFC devices can be used in contactless payment systems, similar to those used in credit cards and electronic ticket smart cards and allow mobile payment to replace/supplement these systems. The railway system connects Vienna's main station Vienna Hauptbahnhof with other European cities, like Berlin, Bratislava, Budapest, Brussels, Cologne, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Ljubljana, Munich, Prague, Venice, Warsaw, Zagreb and Zürich. In 1850, Vienna with the consent of the emperor annexed 34 surrounding villages,[91] called Vorstädte, into the city limits (districts no. Sausages are popular and available from street vendors (Würstelstand) throughout the day and into the night. Writers who lived and worked in Vienna include Franz Kafka, Arthur Schnitzler, Elias Canetti, Ingeborg Bachmann, Robert Musil, Karl Kraus, Ernst von Feuchtersleben, Thomas Bernhard and Elfriede Jelinek. The 220-meter high DC Tower 1 located on the Northern bank of the Danube, completed in 2013, is the tallest skyscraper in Vienna. In addition there are museums dedicated to Vienna's individual districts. In 1996 the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ), which won 29 seats (up from 21 in 1991), beat the ÖVP into third place for the second time running. [69] After World War I, many Czechs and Hungarians returned to their ancestral countries, resulting in a decline in the Viennese population. After doing pilots in some regions, they launched across the US. These programs can allow a change of phone settings, texting, app launching, or command execution. [135], Vienna's new Central Railway Station was opened in October 2014. It is the oldest English-language theater in continental Europe. [99] A major R&D sector in Vienna are life sciences. From 1850 to 1890, city limits in the West and the South mainly followed another wall called Linienwall at which a road toll called the Liniengeld was charged. Vienna has a single large brewery, Ottakringer, and more than ten microbreweries. Some of Vienna's most significant historical buildings are Catholic churches, including the St. Stephen's Cathedral (Stephansdom), Karlskirche, Peterskirche and the Votivkirche. [6], NFC standards cover communications protocols and data exchange formats and are based on existing radio-frequency identification (RFID) standards including ISO/IEC 14443 and FeliCa. Hence, the city council and state parliament hold separate meetings, with separate presiding officers–the chairman of the city council or the president of the state Landtag–even though the two bodies' memberships are identical. Other important sports clubs include the Raiffeisen Vikings Vienna (American Football), who won the Eurobowl title between 2004 and 2007 4 times in a row and had a perfect season in 2013, the Aon hotVolleys Vienna, one of Europe's premier Volleyball organizations, the Vienna Wanderers (baseball) who won the 2012 and 2013 Championship of the Austrian Baseball League, and the Vienna Capitals (Ice Hockey).

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