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"City Planning and Population Health: A Global Challenge." The Lancet . This article is a collaborative effort by. But given how the youngest cohort of older adults is invested in technology, there will be a naturally higher penetration of use among older adults over time. https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i3.479, Tsouros AD (2015) Twenty-seven years of the WHO European Healthy Cities movement: a sustainable movement for change and innovation at the local level. Springer, Singapore, pp 85105, Higgs C, Badland H, Simons K et al (2019) The Urban Liveability Index: developing a policy-relevant urban liveability composite measure and evaluating associations with transport mode choice. The .gov means its official. 2016 Dec 10;388(10062):2850-2851. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31579-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.019, Talen E, Koschinsky J (2013) The walkable neighborhood: a literature review. To address these issues, its possible that lower costs and more education could help the oldest respondents. Over 55% of the world's population live in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to increase to 68% by 2050. Many respondents across economies name a lack of opportunities as a barrier to working. For those aged 55 to 64, mental health tends to be the most positively rated dimension. http://thegovlab.org/gender-and-urban-mobility-addressing-unequal-access-to-urban-transportation-for-women-and-girls/. Within each country, we applied quotas and respondent weights to ensure that the final sample was representative for the entire country with respect to age, gender, and proportions of urban and rural location and tertiary education. Abstract Significant global health challenges are being confronted in the 21st century, prompting calls to rethink approaches to disease prevention. PubMed Central In: Hawken S, Han H, Pettit C (eds) Open cities | open data: collaborative cities in the information era. Yet perceptions of health dont always connect to life expectancy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.05.001, CrossRef It is a condition of access that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. So selecting for the population subset that rates purpose most favorably invariably includes almost the entire sample, leading to little room for uplift. Cities 63:9297. Accessed 3 May 2020, Ceccato V (2017) Womens victimisation and safety in transit environments. Uplifts are based on correlation, not causation. This design was to ensure that results in one country on some measures dont look better than those from another solely because a higher proportion of their respondents report health substantially above the average for their age cohort. Authors You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Accessed 26 Apr 2020, Hawken S, Leao SZ, Gudes O et al (2020) Safer cities for Women: global and local innovations with open data and civic technology. The discussions about how to plan for aging should start early, preferably in midlife (see sidebar Living intergenerationally might benefit ones health). | For the first time in human history, over half of the world's population now live in cities, with a projected rise to 75% by 2050. W, benchmark and monitor progress towards achievement of more compact cities that promote health and reduce, (NCDs), injuries from road trauma, and obesity. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Sallis JF, Bull F, Burdett R, Frank LD, Griffiths P, Giles-Corti B, Stevenson M. Lancet. Other barriers include lack of availability, lack of trust, and poor internet. This Series of papers considers the health impacts of . The health sector, for integrated multisector city planning that prioritises health, sustainability, rapidly changing low-income and middle-income countries. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine. No one wants to feel alone. Am J Public Health 105:470477. A WHOUNICEFLancet Commission, Neighbourhood environment, physical activity, quality of life and depressive symptoms in Hong Kong older adults: a protocol for an observational study, Developing and Assessing Alternative Land-Use Scenarios from the MOLAND Model: A Scenario-Based Impact Analysis Approach for the Evaluation of Rapid Rail Provisions and Urban Development in the Greater Dublin Region, Transport, Physical Activity and Health: Present knowledge and the way ahead, The impact of the built environment on health across the life course: design of a cross-sectional data linkage study, Patterns of neighborhood environment attributes related to physical activity across 11 countries: a latent class analysis, The impact of the built environment on health across the life course: design of a cross-sectional data linkage study To cite: Correspondence to, Turning the Tide from Cars to Active Transport: Policy Recommendations for New Zealand, Transport, Physical Activity Health: Present Knowledge and the way ahead, Walkability of local communities: Using geographic information systems to objectively assess relevant environmental attributes, Addressing the Social and Environmental Determinants of Urban Health Equity: Evidence for Action and a Research Agenda, Improving health through policies that promote active travel: a review of evidence to support integrated health impact assessment, From the Earth Summit to Rio+ 20: integration of health and sustainable development. Land Use, Transport, and Population Health . "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Impacts on Cities and Major Lessons for Urban Planning, Design, and Management." Science of the Total Environment, 142391. https://doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2014.1002606, Maes MJA, Jones KE, Toledano MB, Milligan B (2019) Mapping synergies and trade-offs between urban ecosystems and the sustainable development goals. 2023 Mar 10;44:1605474. doi: 10.3389/phrs.2023.1605474. An Umbrella Review of the Best and Most Up-to-Date Evidence on the Built Environment and Physical Activity in Older Adults 60 Years. item control page, Past > QUT Faculties & Divisions > Faculty of Health, Past > Institutes > Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Current > Schools > School of Public Health & Social Work, Contribution to Journal 2021 Dec 8;1(12):e0000089. rates correlate to decreased isolation rates: by one-third in upper-middle-income economies and up to one-half in low- and middle-income economies. Managing stress is the only behavior in which a majority of respondents across financial-situation cohorts report surpassing the minimum generally acceptable benchmark. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15:445. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030445, Lages CR, Pfajfar G, Shoham A (2015) Challenges in conducting and publishing research on the Middle East and Africa in leading journals. Across economies, 19 to 25 percent of survey respondents want to work but arent doing so. Epub 2016 Sep 23. Such respondents give a higher baseline rating across most factors at the onset compared with their peers. Gauging the health of a city: maximizing health and sustainability, pp. Reconnecting urban planning with health: a protocol for the development and validation of national liveability indicators associated with noncommunicable disease risk behaviours and health outcomes. 2912-2924. Turrell G, Dannenberg AL, Badland H, et al. Harnessing urbanisation for human wellbeing and planetary health highlighting the need for integrated urban planning, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and, and other adverse health and environmental, environmental, social, and behavioural risk exposures, are needed to achieve healthy liveable cities, appropriate legal, administrative, and technical. And the underlying reasons for creating those connections and the definition of purpose vary. The growing disconnection between urban residents and the food they buy and consume has been shown to have adverse effects on local economies, personal and community health, the environment, and social connectedness. The analysis approach is meant to provide a comprehensive picture of how older adults perceive their health, how their perceptions compare with objective measures of health, and what behaviors are most closely associated with their perceptions. City planning and population health: a global challenge . A key part of the solution is city planning that reduces non-communicable diseases and road trauma while also managing rapid urbanization. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. In general, a lower share of HIE respondents reports very good or good perceived health compared with other economies. BMJ Glob Health 4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001501, Fisher JE, Andersen ZJ, Loft S, Pedersen M (2017) Opportunities and challenges within urban health and sustainable development. Roughly three in ten respondents in LMIEs and HIEs cite difficulty getting a job as their top barrier to employment.1For more, see Achieving equitable healthy aging in low- and middle-income countries: The Aging Readiness & Competitiveness Report 4.0, a joint report from AARP and Economic Impact, 2022. Reports of overall health are better for survey respondents who engage in working, volunteering, education, and community activities than for those who dont. Participating pays off. Unless specified, we analyzed by taking a simple average across countries within a country income archetype and then took the simple average across archetypes in order to get an overall average. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-12-2014-0374, Lange MD, Waal MD (2017) Owning the city: new media and citizen engagement in urban design, Loukaitou-Sideris A (2016) A gendered view of mobility and transport: next steps and future directions. Yet respondents in HIEs report an increase in health across all dimensions from about age 55 to about age 79, which may be correlated to retirement. Epub 2016 Sep 23. Glob Health Action 9:30524, CrossRef Our data show that there is strong demand in this area even for those in less-than-ideal health. Moderate benefit is seen across all four health dimensions (mental, physical, social, and spiritual) by respondents in upper-middle-income economies. This chapter provides a multidisciplinary perspective of cities as drivers of global health. 8 A new McKinsey Health Institute (MHI) survey of more than 21,000 older adults (defined as those aged 55 and older) across 21 countries finds that respondents largely agree about the importance of having purpose, managing stress, enjoying meaningful connections with others, and preserving independence.1The online survey was in the field from late December 2022 to February 2023 and garnered responses from more than 21,000 participants aged 55 and older across 21 countries. Crime Prev Commun Saf 19:163167. These trends persist across gender and age cohorts. Its a lifelong journey, and its never too late to set out on the path to becoming well aged. Prev Med 103:S34S40. Contextualizing Walkability: Do Relationships Between Built Environments and Walking Vary by Socioeconomic Context? This article was edited by Elizabeth Newman, an executive editor in the Chicago office. While reasons may vary, our research finds a meaningful opportunity around increasing societal participation, with up to 44 percent of older adults expressing a desire to engage in a new type of activity. Coupled with the trend away from extended- or nuclear-family living, this evidence suggests an opportunity to create intentional, age-inclusive communities where older adults can interact with younger generationswhether family or otherwisein their daily lives. Health Promot Int 30:i3i7. Urbanization is one of the leading global trends of the 21st century that has a significant impact on health. Environ Int 103:6172. National Library of Medicine PubMed Stone, Subjective wellbeing, health, and ageing, Lancet, February 2015, Volume 385, Number 9,968. The importance of developing policy-relevant urban indicators to measure progress towards achieving SDG 11 is also highlighted. dont necessarily report better perceived health. eCollection 2021. eCollection 2023. We recommend establishing a set of indicators to benchmark and monitor progress towards achievement of more compact cities that promote health and reduce health inequities. Scopus includes citations from articles published in 1996 onwards, and Web of Science generally from 1980 onwards. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aav068, Elsey H, Agyepong I, Huque R et al (2019) Rethinking health systems in the context of urbanisation: challenges from four rapidly urbanising low-income and middle-income countries. Good news for those planning to move in with their children: as noted in previous research, older adults often benefit when they can live in intergenerational households.1Faizan Bhatia and Raiya Suleman, Intergenerational housing as a model for improving older-adult health, BC Medical Journal, May 2021, Volume 63, Number 4. The survey was conducted online. 5 billion additional people will need to be housed in citiesmore than 1 million people every weekwith about 90% of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa.2 Urban land cover is expected to . City Planning and Population Health: A Global Challenge Significant global health challenges are being confronted in the 21st century, prompting calls to rethink approaches to disease prevention. City Planning and Health: a Global Challenge Expert seminar hosted by LSE Cities In 2011, the world's population reached 7 billion and is projected to reach 10 billion by 2050. It presents a historical introduction of urbanization and highlights the challenges to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context . Inf Syst J 27:427461. More than half of the world population currently lives in cities, and this number is expected to increase above two thirds by 2050 (UNDP Population Division Citation 2018). Terms of Use and Privacy Statement, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30066-6, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673616300666, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01406736. Globally, 10 to 20 percent of respondents report feeling isolated. When looking at countries, usage also varies widely. Accessed 5 Feb 2020, United Nations (2015) Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development, United Nations (2016) World population ageing 2015, WHO (2018) Public spending on health: a closer look at global trends, International Institute for Global Health, United Nations University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Convenor of the Design Research Society Special Interest Group on Global Health, London, UK, Fatima Ghani,Emmanuel Tsekleves&Yonette Felicity Thomas, Imagination Lancaster, LICA, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK, Strategic Transitions, Glenn Dale, MD, USA, You can also search for this author in Consistent with existing research on social isolations harm,1John T. Cacioppo and Stephanie Cacioppo, Older adults reporting social isolation or loneliness show poorer cognitive function 4 years later, Evidence-Based Nursing, April 2014, Volume 17, Number 2. our analysis of responses from older adults finds that isolation is a wide-ranging problem. Correspondence to As populations age and dependency ratios increase, health stakeholders will need to ensure not only access to care and its quality but also responsiveness of available care to older adults desire to remain independent. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Copyright 2023 National Academy of Sciences. Here, associations between urban design attributes and transport mode choices including transport walking, transport cycling , public transport and private motor vehicle use were explored. In: UN Women. Series author Giles-Corti placed the multinational research into historic and global perspective, noting that with world population heading to 50 billion by 2050 and three-quarters of people to be living in cities city planning must be part of a comprehensive solution to adverse health outcomes. World Dev 122:648659. Within countries, the range of respondents citing this as the top challenge is 25 (in Malaysia) to 55 percent (in Mexico). https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2016.1164122, Perry F (2020) Are we witnessing the death of the car? safety of growing and ageing urban populations. Abstract. All Rights Reserved. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Hemant Ahlawat is a global leader of the McKinsey Health Institute (MHI) and a senior partner in McKinseys Zurich office, Anthony Darcovich is a consultant in the New York office, Martin Dewhurst is a senior partner emeritus in the London office, Ellen Feehan is a partner in the New Jersey office, Viktor Hediger is a senior partner in the Dubai office, and Madeline Maud is a coleader, healthy aging, at MHI and an associate partner in the Brisbane office. Taking private motor vehicle trips was negatively associated with street connectivity, land use mix, local living score, housing diversity score, gross dwelling density and proximity to supermarkets. Participants in UMIEs and HIEs report the desire to remain independent as the main barrier to accessing care. In some countries (such as the United States), stigma against intergenerational living may contribute to an observed decline in mental health. CAS Employing external supports (for example, a laundry service), using technology (such as remote monitoring), and embarking on home renovations (such as a ground-floor bedroom and ramps) could potentially let older adults stay in their homes longer.1For more, see Michele Lerner, More older people are opting to age in their homes. The factors that are deemed important and also result in substantive uplift are shown. Urban design: an important future force for health and wellbeing. For example, past McKinsey analysis has shown that, in general, survey respondents in India have a higher propensity to agree and to agree strongly with survey statements than respondents in most other countries do. The vast majority of survey respondents aged 55 to 64 use a smartphone; the percentage drops almost in half for residents aged 80 and older. Accessible from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227399774_Urban_Planning_for_Healthy_Cities_A_Review_of_the_Progress_of_the_European_Healthy_Cities_Programme, Bickler G, Morton S, Menne B (2020) Health and sustainable development: an analysis of 20 European voluntary national reviews. government site. Respondents say the biggest barriers to technology adoption are around cost and a lack of knowledge, with the former more important for younger cohorts and the latter more important for older cohorts. A key part of the solution is city planning that reduces non-communicable diseases and road trauma while also managing rapid urbanization. Urban Design, Transport, and Health - Harvard University They most often cite a lack of attractive opportunities and difficulty in landing jobs as their primary barriers. City planning and population health: a global challenge - Academia.edu (2021). For example, among respondents in LMIEs, a sense of purpose is largely ubiquitous. This could include increasing the focus on in-home services and other community-based types of care. This ties into the need to address global povertys impact on healthy habits. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05325-3_3-1, Springer Reference Biomedicine & Life Sciences, Reference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227399774_Urban_Planning_for_Healthy_Cities_A_Review_of_the_Progress_of_the_European_Healthy_Cities_Programme, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.10.020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.05.022, https://www.c40.org/press_releases/global-mayors-covid-19-recovery-task-force, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41300-017-0024-5, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001501, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2017.08.008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.06.021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.05.001, https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2020120211105950_MJMHS_0599.pdf, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.03.010, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30066-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2019.03.001, https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2014.999814, https://futureofageing.blog.gov.uk/2015/07/06/speculative-design/, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-019-0178-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31431-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.12.019, https://doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2014.1002606, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.12.010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.03.022, https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2016.1164122, https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200429-are-we-witnessing-the-death-of-the-car, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0529-z, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.05.026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.07.028, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.019, http://thegovlab.org/gender-and-urban-mobility-addressing-unequal-access-to-urban-transportation-for-women-and-girls/, https://www.unwomen.org/digital-library/publications/2019/01/safe-cities-and-safe-public-spaces-international-compendium-of-practices. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Julio D Davila, Ana Bleahu (PhD), James Wilson, Yvonne Rydin, Giovanni De Grandis, Nora Groce, International journal of environmental research and public health, Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, American journal of health promotion : AJHP, Amanda Kvalsvig, Geoffrey Woolcock, Hayley Christian, Eda Ustaoglu, Brendan Williams, Laura Petrov, Hedwig van Delden, Bryan Boruff, Hayley Christian, Fiona Bull, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Daniel A Rodriguez, Michael Joffe, Luc Int Panis, Design for Health: The Relationship Between Design and Noncommunicable Diseases, Contextualising urban liveability in Bangkok, Thailand: Pilot project summary report, Toward a Research and Action Agenda on Urban Planning/Design and Health Equity in Cities in Low and Middle-Income Countries, Built environment for physical activityAn urban barometer, surveillance, and monitoring, Urban liveability: Emerging lessons from Australia for exploring the potential for indicators to measure the social determinants of health, What is the meaning of urban liveability for a city in a low-to-middle-income country? For example, managing stress has meaningful potential uplift. Declining health can be a barrier to overall societal participation but isnt a deal-breaker. While more than 40 percent of those oldest respondents say they want to use a smartphone, and 25 percent say they want to use a laptop or tablet, there is a share uninterested in using technology. Respondents in that cohort who are retired and have low levels of care needs tend to report being in better or much better than average health across dimensions compared with those not living with their children or spouse and children. A key part of the solution is city planning that reduces non-communicable diseases and road . The McKinsey Health Institute, as a non-profit-generating entity of McKinsey, is creating avenues for further research that can catalyze action. Infect Dis Poverty. PLOS Glob Public Health. When looking at country and country income archetypes, results vary, but in one example, the perceived benefit of volunteering correlates to increased wealth. In: Handbook on gender and violence. Exploring equity in 100 Resilient Cities. But to make this a reality for a rapidly aging population, global stakeholders should consider not only how to boost the number of years in a life but also how to enable healthy life in those years. Across countries and incomes, employment is the most frequently reported societal-participation activity, followed by formal volunteering by respondents in LMIEs and community activities by respondents in HIEs and UMIEs. Commercial Loan Application, Kids Fitness Equipment, Townhouse Apartments Vancouver, Wa, Yaheetech Hexagon Fire Pit, Dynamat 11102 Dynaliner, Articles C
"City Planning and Population Health: A Global Challenge." The Lancet . This article is a collaborative effort by. But given how the youngest cohort of older adults is invested in technology, there will be a naturally higher penetration of use among older adults over time. https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i3.479, Tsouros AD (2015) Twenty-seven years of the WHO European Healthy Cities movement: a sustainable movement for change and innovation at the local level. Springer, Singapore, pp 85105, Higgs C, Badland H, Simons K et al (2019) The Urban Liveability Index: developing a policy-relevant urban liveability composite measure and evaluating associations with transport mode choice. The .gov means its official. 2016 Dec 10;388(10062):2850-2851. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31579-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.019, Talen E, Koschinsky J (2013) The walkable neighborhood: a literature review. To address these issues, its possible that lower costs and more education could help the oldest respondents. Over 55% of the world's population live in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to increase to 68% by 2050. Many respondents across economies name a lack of opportunities as a barrier to working. For those aged 55 to 64, mental health tends to be the most positively rated dimension. http://thegovlab.org/gender-and-urban-mobility-addressing-unequal-access-to-urban-transportation-for-women-and-girls/. Within each country, we applied quotas and respondent weights to ensure that the final sample was representative for the entire country with respect to age, gender, and proportions of urban and rural location and tertiary education. Abstract Significant global health challenges are being confronted in the 21st century, prompting calls to rethink approaches to disease prevention. PubMed Central In: Hawken S, Han H, Pettit C (eds) Open cities | open data: collaborative cities in the information era. Yet perceptions of health dont always connect to life expectancy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.05.001, CrossRef It is a condition of access that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. So selecting for the population subset that rates purpose most favorably invariably includes almost the entire sample, leading to little room for uplift. Cities 63:9297. Accessed 3 May 2020, Ceccato V (2017) Womens victimisation and safety in transit environments. Uplifts are based on correlation, not causation. This design was to ensure that results in one country on some measures dont look better than those from another solely because a higher proportion of their respondents report health substantially above the average for their age cohort. Authors You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Accessed 26 Apr 2020, Hawken S, Leao SZ, Gudes O et al (2020) Safer cities for Women: global and local innovations with open data and civic technology. The discussions about how to plan for aging should start early, preferably in midlife (see sidebar Living intergenerationally might benefit ones health). | For the first time in human history, over half of the world's population now live in cities, with a projected rise to 75% by 2050. W, benchmark and monitor progress towards achievement of more compact cities that promote health and reduce, (NCDs), injuries from road trauma, and obesity. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Sallis JF, Bull F, Burdett R, Frank LD, Griffiths P, Giles-Corti B, Stevenson M. Lancet. Other barriers include lack of availability, lack of trust, and poor internet. This Series of papers considers the health impacts of . The health sector, for integrated multisector city planning that prioritises health, sustainability, rapidly changing low-income and middle-income countries. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine. No one wants to feel alone. Am J Public Health 105:470477. A WHOUNICEFLancet Commission, Neighbourhood environment, physical activity, quality of life and depressive symptoms in Hong Kong older adults: a protocol for an observational study, Developing and Assessing Alternative Land-Use Scenarios from the MOLAND Model: A Scenario-Based Impact Analysis Approach for the Evaluation of Rapid Rail Provisions and Urban Development in the Greater Dublin Region, Transport, Physical Activity and Health: Present knowledge and the way ahead, The impact of the built environment on health across the life course: design of a cross-sectional data linkage study, Patterns of neighborhood environment attributes related to physical activity across 11 countries: a latent class analysis, The impact of the built environment on health across the life course: design of a cross-sectional data linkage study To cite: Correspondence to, Turning the Tide from Cars to Active Transport: Policy Recommendations for New Zealand, Transport, Physical Activity Health: Present Knowledge and the way ahead, Walkability of local communities: Using geographic information systems to objectively assess relevant environmental attributes, Addressing the Social and Environmental Determinants of Urban Health Equity: Evidence for Action and a Research Agenda, Improving health through policies that promote active travel: a review of evidence to support integrated health impact assessment, From the Earth Summit to Rio+ 20: integration of health and sustainable development. Land Use, Transport, and Population Health . "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Impacts on Cities and Major Lessons for Urban Planning, Design, and Management." Science of the Total Environment, 142391. https://doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2014.1002606, Maes MJA, Jones KE, Toledano MB, Milligan B (2019) Mapping synergies and trade-offs between urban ecosystems and the sustainable development goals. 2023 Mar 10;44:1605474. doi: 10.3389/phrs.2023.1605474. An Umbrella Review of the Best and Most Up-to-Date Evidence on the Built Environment and Physical Activity in Older Adults 60 Years. item control page, Past > QUT Faculties & Divisions > Faculty of Health, Past > Institutes > Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Current > Schools > School of Public Health & Social Work, Contribution to Journal 2021 Dec 8;1(12):e0000089. rates correlate to decreased isolation rates: by one-third in upper-middle-income economies and up to one-half in low- and middle-income economies. Managing stress is the only behavior in which a majority of respondents across financial-situation cohorts report surpassing the minimum generally acceptable benchmark. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15:445. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030445, Lages CR, Pfajfar G, Shoham A (2015) Challenges in conducting and publishing research on the Middle East and Africa in leading journals. Across economies, 19 to 25 percent of survey respondents want to work but arent doing so. Epub 2016 Sep 23. Such respondents give a higher baseline rating across most factors at the onset compared with their peers. Gauging the health of a city: maximizing health and sustainability, pp. Reconnecting urban planning with health: a protocol for the development and validation of national liveability indicators associated with noncommunicable disease risk behaviours and health outcomes. 2912-2924. Turrell G, Dannenberg AL, Badland H, et al. Harnessing urbanisation for human wellbeing and planetary health highlighting the need for integrated urban planning, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and, and other adverse health and environmental, environmental, social, and behavioural risk exposures, are needed to achieve healthy liveable cities, appropriate legal, administrative, and technical. And the underlying reasons for creating those connections and the definition of purpose vary. The growing disconnection between urban residents and the food they buy and consume has been shown to have adverse effects on local economies, personal and community health, the environment, and social connectedness. The analysis approach is meant to provide a comprehensive picture of how older adults perceive their health, how their perceptions compare with objective measures of health, and what behaviors are most closely associated with their perceptions. City planning and population health: a global challenge . A key part of the solution is city planning that reduces non-communicable diseases and road trauma while also managing rapid urbanization. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. In general, a lower share of HIE respondents reports very good or good perceived health compared with other economies. BMJ Glob Health 4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001501, Fisher JE, Andersen ZJ, Loft S, Pedersen M (2017) Opportunities and challenges within urban health and sustainable development. Roughly three in ten respondents in LMIEs and HIEs cite difficulty getting a job as their top barrier to employment.1For more, see Achieving equitable healthy aging in low- and middle-income countries: The Aging Readiness & Competitiveness Report 4.0, a joint report from AARP and Economic Impact, 2022. Reports of overall health are better for survey respondents who engage in working, volunteering, education, and community activities than for those who dont. Participating pays off. Unless specified, we analyzed by taking a simple average across countries within a country income archetype and then took the simple average across archetypes in order to get an overall average. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-12-2014-0374, Lange MD, Waal MD (2017) Owning the city: new media and citizen engagement in urban design, Loukaitou-Sideris A (2016) A gendered view of mobility and transport: next steps and future directions. Yet respondents in HIEs report an increase in health across all dimensions from about age 55 to about age 79, which may be correlated to retirement. Epub 2016 Sep 23. Glob Health Action 9:30524, CrossRef Our data show that there is strong demand in this area even for those in less-than-ideal health. Moderate benefit is seen across all four health dimensions (mental, physical, social, and spiritual) by respondents in upper-middle-income economies. This chapter provides a multidisciplinary perspective of cities as drivers of global health. 8 A new McKinsey Health Institute (MHI) survey of more than 21,000 older adults (defined as those aged 55 and older) across 21 countries finds that respondents largely agree about the importance of having purpose, managing stress, enjoying meaningful connections with others, and preserving independence.1The online survey was in the field from late December 2022 to February 2023 and garnered responses from more than 21,000 participants aged 55 and older across 21 countries. Crime Prev Commun Saf 19:163167. These trends persist across gender and age cohorts. Its a lifelong journey, and its never too late to set out on the path to becoming well aged. Prev Med 103:S34S40. Contextualizing Walkability: Do Relationships Between Built Environments and Walking Vary by Socioeconomic Context? This article was edited by Elizabeth Newman, an executive editor in the Chicago office. While reasons may vary, our research finds a meaningful opportunity around increasing societal participation, with up to 44 percent of older adults expressing a desire to engage in a new type of activity. Coupled with the trend away from extended- or nuclear-family living, this evidence suggests an opportunity to create intentional, age-inclusive communities where older adults can interact with younger generationswhether family or otherwisein their daily lives. Health Promot Int 30:i3i7. Urbanization is one of the leading global trends of the 21st century that has a significant impact on health. Environ Int 103:6172. National Library of Medicine PubMed Stone, Subjective wellbeing, health, and ageing, Lancet, February 2015, Volume 385, Number 9,968. The importance of developing policy-relevant urban indicators to measure progress towards achieving SDG 11 is also highlighted. dont necessarily report better perceived health. eCollection 2021. eCollection 2023. We recommend establishing a set of indicators to benchmark and monitor progress towards achievement of more compact cities that promote health and reduce health inequities. Scopus includes citations from articles published in 1996 onwards, and Web of Science generally from 1980 onwards. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aav068, Elsey H, Agyepong I, Huque R et al (2019) Rethinking health systems in the context of urbanisation: challenges from four rapidly urbanising low-income and middle-income countries. Good news for those planning to move in with their children: as noted in previous research, older adults often benefit when they can live in intergenerational households.1Faizan Bhatia and Raiya Suleman, Intergenerational housing as a model for improving older-adult health, BC Medical Journal, May 2021, Volume 63, Number 4. The survey was conducted online. 5 billion additional people will need to be housed in citiesmore than 1 million people every weekwith about 90% of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa.2 Urban land cover is expected to . City Planning and Population Health: A Global Challenge Significant global health challenges are being confronted in the 21st century, prompting calls to rethink approaches to disease prevention. City Planning and Health: a Global Challenge Expert seminar hosted by LSE Cities In 2011, the world's population reached 7 billion and is projected to reach 10 billion by 2050. It presents a historical introduction of urbanization and highlights the challenges to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context . Inf Syst J 27:427461. More than half of the world population currently lives in cities, and this number is expected to increase above two thirds by 2050 (UNDP Population Division Citation 2018). Terms of Use and Privacy Statement, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30066-6, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673616300666, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01406736. Globally, 10 to 20 percent of respondents report feeling isolated. When looking at countries, usage also varies widely. Accessed 5 Feb 2020, United Nations (2015) Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development, United Nations (2016) World population ageing 2015, WHO (2018) Public spending on health: a closer look at global trends, International Institute for Global Health, United Nations University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Convenor of the Design Research Society Special Interest Group on Global Health, London, UK, Fatima Ghani,Emmanuel Tsekleves&Yonette Felicity Thomas, Imagination Lancaster, LICA, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK, Strategic Transitions, Glenn Dale, MD, USA, You can also search for this author in Consistent with existing research on social isolations harm,1John T. Cacioppo and Stephanie Cacioppo, Older adults reporting social isolation or loneliness show poorer cognitive function 4 years later, Evidence-Based Nursing, April 2014, Volume 17, Number 2. our analysis of responses from older adults finds that isolation is a wide-ranging problem. Correspondence to As populations age and dependency ratios increase, health stakeholders will need to ensure not only access to care and its quality but also responsiveness of available care to older adults desire to remain independent. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Copyright 2023 National Academy of Sciences. Here, associations between urban design attributes and transport mode choices including transport walking, transport cycling , public transport and private motor vehicle use were explored. In: UN Women. Series author Giles-Corti placed the multinational research into historic and global perspective, noting that with world population heading to 50 billion by 2050 and three-quarters of people to be living in cities city planning must be part of a comprehensive solution to adverse health outcomes. World Dev 122:648659. Within countries, the range of respondents citing this as the top challenge is 25 (in Malaysia) to 55 percent (in Mexico). https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2016.1164122, Perry F (2020) Are we witnessing the death of the car? safety of growing and ageing urban populations. Abstract. All Rights Reserved. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Hemant Ahlawat is a global leader of the McKinsey Health Institute (MHI) and a senior partner in McKinseys Zurich office, Anthony Darcovich is a consultant in the New York office, Martin Dewhurst is a senior partner emeritus in the London office, Ellen Feehan is a partner in the New Jersey office, Viktor Hediger is a senior partner in the Dubai office, and Madeline Maud is a coleader, healthy aging, at MHI and an associate partner in the Brisbane office. Taking private motor vehicle trips was negatively associated with street connectivity, land use mix, local living score, housing diversity score, gross dwelling density and proximity to supermarkets. Participants in UMIEs and HIEs report the desire to remain independent as the main barrier to accessing care. In some countries (such as the United States), stigma against intergenerational living may contribute to an observed decline in mental health. CAS Employing external supports (for example, a laundry service), using technology (such as remote monitoring), and embarking on home renovations (such as a ground-floor bedroom and ramps) could potentially let older adults stay in their homes longer.1For more, see Michele Lerner, More older people are opting to age in their homes. The factors that are deemed important and also result in substantive uplift are shown. Urban design: an important future force for health and wellbeing. For example, past McKinsey analysis has shown that, in general, survey respondents in India have a higher propensity to agree and to agree strongly with survey statements than respondents in most other countries do. The vast majority of survey respondents aged 55 to 64 use a smartphone; the percentage drops almost in half for residents aged 80 and older. Accessible from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227399774_Urban_Planning_for_Healthy_Cities_A_Review_of_the_Progress_of_the_European_Healthy_Cities_Programme, Bickler G, Morton S, Menne B (2020) Health and sustainable development: an analysis of 20 European voluntary national reviews. government site. Respondents say the biggest barriers to technology adoption are around cost and a lack of knowledge, with the former more important for younger cohorts and the latter more important for older cohorts. A key part of the solution is city planning that reduces non-communicable diseases and road trauma while also managing rapid urbanization. Urban Design, Transport, and Health - Harvard University They most often cite a lack of attractive opportunities and difficulty in landing jobs as their primary barriers. City planning and population health: a global challenge - Academia.edu (2021). For example, among respondents in LMIEs, a sense of purpose is largely ubiquitous. This could include increasing the focus on in-home services and other community-based types of care. This ties into the need to address global povertys impact on healthy habits. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05325-3_3-1, Springer Reference Biomedicine & Life Sciences, Reference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227399774_Urban_Planning_for_Healthy_Cities_A_Review_of_the_Progress_of_the_European_Healthy_Cities_Programme, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.10.020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.05.022, https://www.c40.org/press_releases/global-mayors-covid-19-recovery-task-force, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41300-017-0024-5, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001501, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2017.08.008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.06.021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.05.001, https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2020120211105950_MJMHS_0599.pdf, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.03.010, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30066-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2019.03.001, https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2014.999814, https://futureofageing.blog.gov.uk/2015/07/06/speculative-design/, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-019-0178-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31431-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.12.019, https://doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2014.1002606, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.12.010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.03.022, https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2016.1164122, https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200429-are-we-witnessing-the-death-of-the-car, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0529-z, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.05.026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.07.028, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.019, http://thegovlab.org/gender-and-urban-mobility-addressing-unequal-access-to-urban-transportation-for-women-and-girls/, https://www.unwomen.org/digital-library/publications/2019/01/safe-cities-and-safe-public-spaces-international-compendium-of-practices. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Julio D Davila, Ana Bleahu (PhD), James Wilson, Yvonne Rydin, Giovanni De Grandis, Nora Groce, International journal of environmental research and public health, Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, American journal of health promotion : AJHP, Amanda Kvalsvig, Geoffrey Woolcock, Hayley Christian, Eda Ustaoglu, Brendan Williams, Laura Petrov, Hedwig van Delden, Bryan Boruff, Hayley Christian, Fiona Bull, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Daniel A Rodriguez, Michael Joffe, Luc Int Panis, Design for Health: The Relationship Between Design and Noncommunicable Diseases, Contextualising urban liveability in Bangkok, Thailand: Pilot project summary report, Toward a Research and Action Agenda on Urban Planning/Design and Health Equity in Cities in Low and Middle-Income Countries, Built environment for physical activityAn urban barometer, surveillance, and monitoring, Urban liveability: Emerging lessons from Australia for exploring the potential for indicators to measure the social determinants of health, What is the meaning of urban liveability for a city in a low-to-middle-income country? For example, managing stress has meaningful potential uplift. Declining health can be a barrier to overall societal participation but isnt a deal-breaker. While more than 40 percent of those oldest respondents say they want to use a smartphone, and 25 percent say they want to use a laptop or tablet, there is a share uninterested in using technology. Respondents in that cohort who are retired and have low levels of care needs tend to report being in better or much better than average health across dimensions compared with those not living with their children or spouse and children. A key part of the solution is city planning that reduces non-communicable diseases and road . The McKinsey Health Institute, as a non-profit-generating entity of McKinsey, is creating avenues for further research that can catalyze action. Infect Dis Poverty. PLOS Glob Public Health. When looking at country and country income archetypes, results vary, but in one example, the perceived benefit of volunteering correlates to increased wealth. In: Handbook on gender and violence. Exploring equity in 100 Resilient Cities. But to make this a reality for a rapidly aging population, global stakeholders should consider not only how to boost the number of years in a life but also how to enable healthy life in those years. Across countries and incomes, employment is the most frequently reported societal-participation activity, followed by formal volunteering by respondents in LMIEs and community activities by respondents in HIEs and UMIEs.

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city planning and population health: a global challenge