The name bestowed by Bellingshausen on the new land, "Ice Continent," did not stick. "However, in some ways the Americans really did enjoy priority. [1] See for example: MEMRI Special Dispatch No. Relying on Soviet-era bases, Russia is expanding activities in the region, from building runways and a rival to the American GPS system, to naval expeditions for the first time in 30 years. Join our network of more than 2,000 contributors to publish your perspective, share your story and shape the global conversation. But, several nations like US, Russia, Britain and China are gradually escalating their presence through the various scientific campaign. These cookies essential for the website to function. A little less than a year before the Russian sailors, the English merchant William Smith came across Livingston Island from the group of South Shetland Islands south of the 60th parallel. These statistics are collected and processed using the Google Analytics service. "Yes the treaty has no time limit, but exiting it is naturally not prohibited. Learn more about how we use cookies or edit your cookie preferences. Despite the fact that Russia and the US might seem like they are at each other’s throats it is blatantly obvious that in reality, they work together to preserve the secrets that Antarctica has to hold. Actually, there is not enough water now. Scientists and diplomats increasingly fear that the current system will fail to safeguard Antarctica from growing economic and strategic competition. We bring you perspectives from around the world. Today Russia provides a significant portion of Turkey’s energy needs and sends 6-7 million tourists a year to Turkey. A bizarre report from the Kremlin says that Patriarch Kirill has performed a strange ritual in Antarctica this week at the mysterious 'Ark of Gabriel', reading a secret text given to him by Pope Francis. Usually, clear and useful practical recommendations on various problems are formulated at such meetings. Antarctica faces dramatic, but largely unnoticed, geopolitical changes with tremendous implications for the continent. [1]Russia is now reasserting its claim to a share of the pie in Antarctica, in the event that it will cease to be an area owned by all mankind. This remains an open-ended question. Global warming has made hitherto inaccessible frozen regions ripe for commercial exploitation and development. The second-southernmost base is the Chinese Kunlun Station at 80°25′02″S during the summer season, and the Russian Vostok Station at 78°27′50″S during the winter season. Alexander Tsyganov in an article for the conservative Tsargrad.tv website titled "Russia, so be it, will not take the Baltic states, Turkey and Alaska. So that the Southern Ocean does not become the North Sea...". It was on the basis of this proposal that a conference in Washington was convened in 1959, where an extensive compromise agreement, as we understand today, agreement was worked out. So it is a joke. Fair Observer does not use personal data collected from its website for advertising purposes or to market to you. This constitutes 80% of all fresh water on Earth. Moreover, these claims were announced back in the first half of the twentieth century, and therefore from a formal legal point of view, these countries can get the continent at their disposal if something happened to the 1959 Treaty. One cannot express our joy "At that time, the sun flashed from the clouds, and its rays illuminated the high black rocks covered with snow. It is unknown if they arrived by boat, plane, nestled in the clothing of scientists or as larvae in water containers. Lands that may lie the south will never be explored." Everyone, except Russia. And [by doing so] he inscribed himself and his country in the golden page of the last great geographical discovery on the planet Earth. As American allies they are the bulwarks against China, the new rising global power, and Russia, the formidable bear always hungry for more. Russia's fishing interests in Antarctica are long standing and colourful. © 1998-2021, The Middle East Media Research Institute All Rights Reserved. This documentary short is a complex presentation of recent U.S. and Russian visits to Antarctica, the Nazis, and Hollow Earth, including its importance … The Antarctic Treaty applies to the entire region south of 60° South Latitude. Russia's geographic position has already made the country a major player in the Arctic. Russia, on the other hand, has played its cards well. They fear the rise of the Chinese dragon and its insatiable appetite for resources. China is navigating the situation in both the Arctic and Antarctica very smartly by creating economic and diplomatic alliances with Russia but avoiding an economic backlash by the West for doing so. “This is an event of worldwide significance, which has huge scientific value,” said Russia’s environment and mineral resources minister Sergey Donskoy, as the expedition hit the water surface at the depth of 3,769 meters and 15 cm. But can experts this time offer something real? But it was the Bellingshausen and Lazarev expedition that made the “small round the world” around the new mainland, nine times approaching the pack Antarctic ice and plotting 28 objects on the map. Not all of it is covered with ice, and about 26.5 million cubic kilometers of ice are concentrated in the Antarctic ice dome itself. In the 1980's the issues were raised again, and led eventually to the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (an addition to the treaty), it is also known as the Madrid Protocol. The Antarctic Treaty was negotiated by 12 countries in 1959: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, UK, USA and USSR. The Antarctic Convergence is an uneven line of latitude where cold, northward-flowing Antarctic waters meet the warmer waters of the worlds oceans. And the name "Antarctic Continent", which was assigned in 1840 by the head of the US Navy cartography department, Charles Wilks, is now in usage. It was joined in opposing the marine reserves by Ukraine, one of the former Soviet Union's great fishing states. "Of course we are joking. Russia, the great polar power of the north, has been in this region long before the Middle Kingdom. "The area of the planet's most southern continent is 14 107 000 km². The Americans announced that a certain Nathaniel Palmer was the first to discover the south polar continent. "Yes, but at the same time there is Article IV, in which the following is firmly stipulated: "1. For example, both China and Russia are looking to use Antarctica to enhance the accuracy of their own GPS systems to rival the United States, which is still the dominant global system. Chinese diplomacy has shown so far to be collaborative and cooperative. And what will happen to Antarctica if these forecasts are translated into reality? European mosquitoes have invaded Antarctica, a fragile ecosystem where the presence of non-native species could trigger a point of no return. As usual, by the Anglo-Saxons. It is they who called not for its partition, but for making it a common territory of humanity, where peaceful scientists will conduct scientific research in the interests of humanity. Non-signatory countries, such as Iran or Indonesia, are freed from many of these legal obligations. Micro-techology found in Russia, with some objects as small as 1/1000th of an inch. Polar resources there range from krill to oil and could soon be up for grabs if the Antarctic Treaty System fails to safeguard marine protected areas. Like in the Arctic, an overt race has started. Rapid ice loss enables ships to have access to Antarctica’s nutrient-rich waters. It was once believed that the lake had been sealed off for 500,000 to one million years, but a recent survey suggests that, every so often, there are large flows of water from one lake to another. So the restoration of the lost territories is not a priority for them today. The latter – are the territories that Russia has discovered, occupied and controlled - Germany, France, the Balkans, Iran, part of Turkey, Alaska, Hawaiian Islands, part of Polynesia. And he generally learned about the existence of Antarctica as a mainland ... from Bellingshausen: he invited him to the meeting in the region of the South Shetland Islands. "So after that (and partly even in the 20th century) claims were made as to who took priority in this matter. Times are different now, not "territorial." MEMRI is a 501(c)3 organization. "Antarctica was first discovered by the Russians. “Tsargrad” already told the story about it, but let's recall it once again, emphasizing particularly important points. Updated 3 years ago. But, as the history of this voyage showed, the Russian - even if he is German from the Russian Baltic territories - preferred not to believe the world authority, but to verify him. And in general, an income of 500 rubles a year was considered at that time respectable enough for the average nobleman. Register for $9.99 per month and become a member today. However, this “key foreign relations moment” received mixed responses from the eight Arctic states, and especially from Australia and New Zealand, who feel threatened by China’s expansionism. The ministry said the resubmitted bid contains new arguments. Pretty much everybody on Antarctica lives in cramped … The Scots will miss London a lot ... "But whether this is what will be, or not is unknown. And, as they often write, if all this ice melts, then the level of the World Ocean will rise by almost 60 meters. And hydrocarbons should be somewhere considering such a large space. These suggestions met with fierce resistance, especially from China and Russia, 7) V. V. Lukin (2014), Russia’s current Antarctic policy, The Polar Journal 4(1), pp. Precisely on the anniversary of Antarctica's discovery, the All-Russian Fleet Support Movement (DFT) is convening a scientific conference in Moscow on the continent's history and present. In order to get an idea of scale for this amount, one can read the works of the contemporary writers: Pushkin or, still better, Gogol. ", [The author cites the 1959 Antarctic Treaty that went into force in 1961[3]], “No acts or activities taking place while the present Treaty is in force shall constitute a basis for asserting, supporting or denying a claim to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica or create any rights of sovereignty in Antarctica. "Moreover, it was Russia, in the form of the USSR that invited interested countries to discuss and resolve diplomatically the issue of this region's regime. The latter is an ocean surrounded by different islands with a permanent population of about 4 million. Join our community of more than 2,500 contributors to publish your perspective, share your narrative and shape the global discourse. Get cheap flights from Antarctica to Russia with Skyscanner Australia. This shore is covered with snow, but scree on the mountains and steep cliffs did not have snow.”. The game of alliances seems to have started within the backdrop of a future international conflict. In 2019, the world is celebrating 60 years of the Antarctic Treaty, which was signed by 12 countries on December 1, 1959. It’s not clear what’s happening with hydrocarbons... " But the problem with the world's resources (especially water) is growing. So this very same Cook stated categorically: “Most of the southern mainland (assuming that it exists) should lie within the polar region above the southern polar circle, and the sea there is so densely filled with ice that access to land becomes impossible.”. Moreover, the next voyage to those lands was undertaken only two decades later - after the release of a brief description of Bellingshausen's expedition in Berlin. It turned out the Russian bombers were just practicing some kind of circling maneuver outside of Norway's Arctic air space. Flying high in the skies above Antarctica’s ice in late 2016, the former head of the Australian Antarctic Division was on a spectacular mission. Russia and China have recently demonstrated that they are preparing to grab polar resources in Antarctica. After US President Donald Trump pulled out of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, a new cold war could well be under way, played out in the polar regions. Antarctica is indeed surrounded by water, but it is the world’s highest, driest, windiest and coldest continent. Materials may only be cited with proper attribution, Jihad and Terrorism Threat Monitor (JTTM) Weekly: March 27 – April 3, 2021, Merchandise Featuring Top Chinese Diplomat's 'Patriotic Golden Sentences' At Alaska Sino-U.S. Talks Takes Off In China: 'The U.S. Is Not Qualified To Talk Down To China,' 'Stop Interfering In China's Internal Affairs', Urdu-Language Daily: 'More Than 5,000 Chinese Troops Will Be Deployed In Iran, And A [Military] Base Will Be Built'. The expansion of Sino-Russian capabilities in the region is agitating New Zealand and Australia to provide a military response. Another 41 countrieshave signed on since 1959, and they do need to prove commitment. This is one of the remotest places on Earth with a sadistically wicked temperature. Global warming has made hitherto inaccessible frozen regions ripe for commercial exploitation and development. Russia and China have increased their presence in Antarctica over the past decade, with China now reportedly interested in building its first permanent airfield. February 3, 2020. There are 12 original signatories to the 1959 Antarctic Treaty, including Australia, and they do not have to prove their commitment to the treaty since they wrote the rules. There the price scale is quite picturesque: a pood [16.38 kilograms] of honey cost 12 rubles, two sweet girls [per Gogol] who would weave doilies went for 100 rubles a piece, a minor official of noble birth received 40 rubles a year. As of now, Russia is not playing any explicit territorial claims over Antarctica. Scientists explore an iceberg in Antarctica © Stu Shaw / Shutterstock. However, some see climate change as an opportunity. We raise the answer. Both Australia and New Zealand worry that China’s military activities in Antarctica are upsetting the last 70 years of peaceful strategic balance in both Antarctica and Asia Pacific. The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observer’s editorial policy. Hitler had completed a four-year plan to boost the German military and the domestic economy to be ready for war by 1940. Like in the Arctic, an overt race has begun for control of Antarctica’s rich resources. Russia's geographic position has already made the country a major player in the Arctic. The continent of Antarctica makes up most of the Antarctic region. The Fair Observer website uses digital cookies so it can collect statistics on how many visitors come to the site, what content is viewed and for how long, and the general location of the computer network of the visitor. Russia relies on its capabilities left over from Soviet times and its strategic geographical positioning in the Arctic. So, the claims of Norway, Great Britain, Australia (which generally claims almost half of Antarctica’s mainland), Chile, New Zealand, France, Argentina remain valid. Maps of the ancient world that showed Antarctica as free of ice and populated. People regularly confuse Antarctica with the Arctic, thinking that polar bears and penguins cross paths. However, China has announced that it will soon begin to build its own permanent airfield to support its five research bases. Help us to inform and educate. The journey of the Chinese ice-breaker Haibing 722 in January 2017 was a clear sign that China wants to become a “polar great power,” especially in light of its investment in a Polar Silk Route in the Arctic. Nothing contained in the present Treaty shall be interpreted as: a renunciation by any Contracting Party of previously asserted rights of or claims to territorial sovereignty in the Antarctica; a renunciation or diminution by any Contracting Party of any basis of claim to territorial sovereignty in the Antarctica, which it may have whether as a result of its activities or those of its nationals in the Antarctica, or otherwise; prejudicing to the position of any Contracting Party as regards its recognition or non-recognition of any other State’s right or claim or basis of claim to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica. Now both of them are carving up the continent not only for the purpose of scientific research, but also for the future exploitation of its resources, including large mineral deposits. Russia's territorial interest in the Arctic, rather than the Antarctic, has generated controversy as it shares the world's northernmost waters with four other countries, all of whom are Nato members. 7995, Russia This Week – Focus On The Arctic, April 11, 2019. Russian intelligence recently issued a statement in which they stated that Antarctica is not what it appears to be. For such a lonely place, you're rarely alone. "Two centuries ago, Russian sailors discovered Antarctica during an expedition specially organized for this purpose. So, potentially the mainland, discovered by Russian researchers, may be at risk of partition followed by the delineation of military borders and then the [borders of] overexploitation. The current build-up of military and strategic capabilities in the region will soon put the Antarctic Treaty, which was signed in 1959 to preserve Antarctica and protect it from economic and political interests, to the test. "For this purpose, Bellingshausen's expedition was funded on a budget of 100,000 rubles. Which one will become the great polar superpower? True, the version smells: firstly, Palmer, even if he actually did discover Antarctica, did not understand that, because he was a simple seal pelt hunter, and secondly, with all his efforts, the Americans could not pull the calendar to the desired date, and Palmer, even if he really saw something, was almost a year later than the Russian expedition in November 1820. China is not alone in the Great Antarctic Game. Advertisement. It was the Russian sailors who determined that there is land under the ice, and therefore, we should not talk about the islands, but about a huge chunk of land. They are calling for that today. "The history of the discovery of the last unknown mainland of the planet is still fascinating, specially its background. The United States maintains the southernmost Base and the largest base and research station in Antarctica, Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station. In 2018 China published its first white paper on its Arctic policy, demonstrating its support of the international legal regime and its recognition of the sovereignty of Arctic states, following up on its 2017 commitment to co-operation on and investment in Antarctic scientific projects and abiding by the treaty system. But in any case, one thing is clear: Russia once discovered Antarctica - and it’s her duty to save it. A Crater In Antarctica Is Actually An Entrance Into The Earth. Your donation is tax-deductible. As per Professor Anne-Marie Brady of Canterbury University in New Zealand, “China needs to clearly signal its intentions and strategic interests in the Antarctic, as other Antarctic states have done before them.” China’s use of underwater vehicles to search for gas hydrates and metallic nodules in the South China Sea is a stark example of what could soon be happening in Antarctica. Relying on Soviet-era bases, Russia is expanding activities in the region, from building runways and a rival to the American GPS system, to naval expeditions for the first time in 30 years. In addition, Russia has also blocked proposals to create a network of smaller protected areas in the seas around East Antarctica, which would add a further 1.9 million sq km of protected waters. Everyone sees what a terrible state Great Britain and Norway have brought the North Sea to after the oil and gas reserves were discovered on the shelf... "What can Russia do about it, how can such a scenario be prevented? This cookie consists of the word “yes” to enable us to remember your acceptance of the site cookie notification, and prevents it from displaying to you in future. Except for Antarctica.". Antarctica. The hacktivist group Anonymous have ‘revealed’ the chilling (Get it, because it’s cold there) secret the U.S. government discovered in Antarctica back in the 1940s. [2] Tsargrad.tv/articles, January 27, 2020. In January 2019, it was reported that … "In principle, sailors were already approaching an unknown southern continent. ". What other famous skyscrapers are left in the USA? It was signed in 1991 in Madrid, Spain by the signatories to the Antarctic Treaty banning minin… Naval drills held jointly by China and Russia in the Baltic Sea and the Russian Far East region put to question the future of Sino-Russian relations. The task was set quite clearly: “To do everything for ... the success of the main goal, which are the possible discoveries in the proximity of the Antarctic Pole.”. Unsurprisingly, Russia has repeatedly thwarted attempts to create a protected wildlife area in Antarctica, taking its time to commit to the Ross Sea sanctuary that China has signed up to earlier; along with Norway, the two nations have blocked an attempt to create the world’s largest marine reserve in the Weddell Sea last year. The Antarctic covers approximately 20 percent of the Southern Hemisphere. The coordinates of the South Magnetic Pole, the temperature of the circumpolar waters were determined, and a map of currents and depths was compiled. [The difference is] very important. "The presence of gold, uranium, iron ore, non-ferrous metals, coal, rock crystal, graphite, mica and so on has already been established under the ice layer there, on the southern “patch” of earth's land. Gray also spoke about his challenge to the work of Zecharia Sitchin, who contends that an ET race, the Annunaki, visited Earth from the planet Nibiru. The Antarctic is a cold, remote area in the Southern Hemisphere encompassed by the Antarctic Convergence. There were other similar discoveries. Russia and China have increased their presence in Antarctica over the past decade, with China now reportedly interested in building its first permanent airfield. Empires today are different [they are based on] economy and ideology, not particularly on military [considerations]. Become a Fair Observer and help us make sense of the world. "Interestingly, Russia and the United States did not recognize these claims than and do not recognize them now, but one can’t throw words out of the agreement: if it is terminated, they have the right to kick them out of the Antarctic. It effectively stops nations from making territorial claims or from exploiting Antarctic resources. Thaddeus Bellingshausen himself venerated him. When the original Antarctic Treaty was signed in 1959, the exploitation of resources was not discussed at all for fear of jeopardizing the Treaty. Patriarch Kiril visits Russia's Bellinghausen station in Antartica to recite the Divine Liturgy at the only permanent cathedral in Antartica (Source:Mospat.ru). "In general, things are still unclear. The AAD manages other significant areas in the Australian Antarctic Territory. With four research stations, the fastest growing of the 53 signatories to the Antarctic Treaty has the presence and capabilities to assert a claim in the future. "That is, to make it simpler: as long as a certain country has declared its claims to a part of the continent or adjacent sea space before the conclusion of the Treaty, the Treaty does not reject or eliminate these claims. "There are two especially important points: in those days, the English navigator James Cook enjoyed immense respect. We use cookies to give you the best possible experience. Nobody canceled the right of the discoverer, but today everyone wants to start dividing the Earth's most remote continent. All donations are tax-deductible and kept strictly confidential. “Shore! The strength of Chinese foreign policy comes from its neutral standpoint, which means that it can simultaneously engage with Russia, America or Europe without the pressure of having to take a side. In total, 28 islands were discovered, portions of the coastline to which Russian ships approached were mapped. In the foreseeable future, there will not be enough fresh water for everyone. Shore!”- calls from everywhere. The type of digital cookie information collected during your visit and any derived data cannot be used or combined with other information to personally identify you. And why does Russia need today, for example, the Baltic states? Winter is setting in and these people are supposed to evacuate by Tuesday. Mawson, Davis and Casey stations are on the Antarctic continent.

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