All PCBUs must consult, co-operate and co-ordinate with other PCBUs working together at the same location or through a contracting chain, so far as is reasonably practicable. These records are a good way to keep track of what training workers have received, who provided the training, when refresher training is needed, and who has specific skills. In these guidelines, a competent person is a person who has the relevant knowledge, experience and skill to carry out a particular task using appropriate techniques and procedures, and: There are two parts to reasonably practicable: You need to achieve a result that provides the highest protection that is reasonably practicable in your circumstances, considering factors including: WorkSafes guidance Reasonably Practicable. dynamic and impact loading during transportation, where applicable? There are also requirements about having access to trained first aiders. When precast concrete elements need to be rotated before they are placed, carefully consider, plan and document the method of rotation. Is there enough space to store equipment? propping and securing panels. prevent out-of-plane rotation of oddly shaped concrete elements. What site-specific documentation is required? The dimensions are designed to allow for theconnection of all anchor points and appropriate edge distances. Failure to erect precast concrete elements correctly and safely can result in life-changing injuries or death. the shape, size, height and mass of the precast concrete elements? This includes information about: On request, make reasonable efforts to give the current relevant specified information to a person who carries out or is to carry out work activities listed above with the plant, structure or substance. Have brace foundations reached their required strength before precast concrete panels are erected? See WorkSafes Emergency Management Flipchart on the Hazardous Substances Toolbox website. (See Appendix F of these guidelines.). Can workers gain recognised qualifications? turning mattresses. Once the elements are loaded on the truck the driver should make sure they are well-secured to prevent movement during transit. These guidelines are for persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs) including designers, manufacturers, suppliers, installers and importers, as well as workers and any other people who handle, transport or erect precast concrete elements. The load can roll if the driver pulls over to let cars pass and the shoulder cannot support the load. When using three lifting points, a competent person should determine the load on each individual lifting point considering the location of the centre of gravity of the precast concrete element relative to the centroid of the lifting points. For flooring systems and certain proprietary products, the structural designer should provide sufficient information for the design to be undertaken, including the applied loads and the expected performance of the precast concrete elements (such as deflections and vibration). Methods of Precast Concrete Constructions - The Constructor (See Appendix F of these guidelines.). Surveyor to set cross reference. A competent person (such as a manufacturer or supplier) should provide a lifting anchor layout and rigging plan for tilt panels, based on the design of the panels for lifting. Place infill blocks above the bearing walls, or in a similar location, to ensure good load distribution. If possible use cast-in anchors. The transport operator may be part of the manufacturers organisation, the customer organisation, or a third party contractor. Do not release any safety restraint until the crane has taken the initial load of that element. Does the site traffic management plan include: Table 18:Site traffic management: What to consider. Are there adequate facilities for workers welfare (eg drinking water, toilets, and break facilities), Will the precast concrete element/s be subject to environmental loads such as earthquakes, wind, snow, or vehicle impact? dimensioned locations of braces or props and their cast-in components? Has the precast concrete element reached the specified strength for lifting, as detailed in the shop drawings? (See NZTA Compliance in Section 9.5 of these guidelines.). Safe work method of statement for the production & erection of precast concrete boundary wall for the project. (Consider standard operating procedures (SOPs), posters or flash cards summarising the key points.). (See Section 6.6 of these guidelines. taking reasonable care of their own health and safety, taking reasonable care that what they do (or fail to do) does not cause harm to any other person, co-operating with any reasonable health and safety policy or procedure of the PCBU, complying, so far as is reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so the PCBU can comply with the law. They also require more upfront planning and prep work, including defining a set of updating workers about what decisions have been made. 11 Adapted from images provided by McLeod Cranes Limited. Figure 8 shows a typical A-frame trailer that may be suitable for carrying precast concrete panels. Safe transport and delivery of precast concrete elements requires planning and co-operation between PCBUs, particularly the transport operator, the head operator and the erector. You will need to identify and assess the health and safety risks arising from your own work. Elements cast in this way should be stored, transported and handled near- vertical at all times. Poor curing conditions (such as letting concrete dry out, or prolonged cold weather) can slow the strength gain of concrete. Is there enough space to store other materials needed on-site? 1 For prescribed risks, one or a combination of these approaches must be used. Table 23: Cranes and lifting equipment: What could go wrong. GRWM Regulations 24 and 25 specify that a PCBU must manage risks associated with: PCBUs must follow a prescribed risk management process to manage these risks. PDF SOP 11B-64 Precast Box Culvert Installation - NCDOT What is prefabricated concrete? Expansion anchors are more prone to installation errors than cast-in fixings. Changes to the construction programme may cause storage or production problems. 2There may be hazards that are not identified in this table. If it is not reasonably practicableto eliminate a risk, the risk must be minimised so far as is reasonably practicable. This may result in edge spalling and cracking. However,if a duty holder deviates from good practice they should have well-thought-out reasons why. organisational structure, responsibilities and competencies? Consider how high a person can reach to pass lifting chains or slings around the elements. Where this happens the PCBUs have overlapping duties. review and update emergency procedures/plans if needed. Safety Glasses Gloves Hearing Protection Respiratory Protection 1. Review Safe Operating Procedures for applicable equipment and perform pre-operational checks. It is more effective than, for example, retrofitting a product later in its lifecycle. Appendix A lists standards and other technical references that may be relevant for the design, manufacture and erection of precast concrete elements. Two-stage casting is often used to avoid this problem. the control measures in place for that work. A PIN is a written notice issued to a person, telling them to address a work health and safety matter that breaks the law. crushing cylinders from the same mix to decide if it is safe to lift the precast concrete element; although the concrete strength of the cylinders may be different, the results can be used as a guide. These good practice guidelines offer advice for keeping workers healthy and safe when handling, transporting and erecting precast concrete elements. Tilt-up and pre-cast construction | WorkSafe.qld.gov.au Also, the reduction of water will help reduce shrinkage. Examples of Crane Exclusion Zone tape and a Crane Exclusion Zone sandwich board are shown in Figures 27 and 28.11. checked that all road surfaces are suitable for vehicles to drive on, including the loading site and the delivery site? Make it easy for workers to report incidents, near misses, or health and safety concerns. WorkSafes best practice guidelines Working at Height in New Zealand. and the "importance of consideration work items and checklist before the installation work starts" resulted in mean score of level 4.7 and above. Does the worker have the physical skills needed to carry out the tasks required? Wall panelsshould never be braced below mid-panel height, unless carried out under strictlycontrolled conditions with special provisions having been made to prevent basekick-out or panel failure due to bending at the bracing point. Precast concrete elements should be designed to sit on localised shimming points when initially erected. It is possible that the site assessment will be done by a different competent person than the structural designer. any conditions necessary to make sure the plant, substance or structure is without health and safety risks (when used for its designed or manufactured purpose, or when being inspected, cleaned, maintained or repaired, etc). Consider how to document each workers achievements (eg in a training register or log). If errors in foundations and/or panel construction lead to the height of the levelling shim being greater than 40 mm, then the shim height should be assessed by a competent person to confirm that the panel is still stable. 25.5.3 Precast Concrete Plan A PE must design all precast concrete operations plans. tables throughout these guidelines. Emergency plans should be tailored to the work and workplace: If a PCBU shares a workplace with other PCBUs, they should co-ordinate their emergency planning wherepossible. or carry out other reasonably foreseeable activities such as inspection, cleaning, maintenance or repair. See Section 6.4 of these guidelines for information about temporary works and falsework. This ensures the work happens in the right location with the right plant and equipment on the site and with the right workers with relevant competencies. Settling can crack some types of precast concrete elements. See Section 34 of HSWA. an adequate number of workers are trained to administer first aid at the workplace; or workers have access to an adequate number of other people who have been trained to administer first aid. This Pre-cast Tilt-up Panels Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS) covers hazards and controls associated with the general safety of carrying out work that involves the casting of tilt-up/precast concrete panels. The required concrete strength of the precast element should be noted on the shop drawings. This includes any amendments, notices to tenderers, agreed variations and all other information. Know and understand the hazards and risks associated with manufacturing and construction work in general, for example: PCBUs must assess and manage work risks, taking the views of workers and their representatives into account. Encourage appropriate reporting. This will involve consulting,co-operating and co-ordinating with other PCBUs. caught between an element and any other hard surface. direct workers to cease unsafe work where there is a serious risk to health and safety from an imminent or immediate exposure to a hazard. Take special care with rigging arrangements where load equalisation measures are required. when there is a chance of load reversal resulting from handling during transport or erection. approve any changes to the specified strongback system before the changes are carried out. The outriggers of a mobile crane are not fullyextended or not used as directed. There may be temporary works drawings covering bracing, propping, and arrangement of the elements in their final location. the manufacturer must provide adequate information about the purpose for which the elements were manufactured and any particular conditions related to use. Section 40 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA): Duty of PCBU who manufactures plant,substances, or structures. If infill blocks are not loaded on pallets, stack them on sheet plywood or similar material to prevent fracture. Competent people should plan, supervise and carry out lifting operations. It should include the following information: After each use, braces should be inspected and maintained. 4. Will persons other than workers have access to the site? Lifting in a way that causes the rigging to fail. They should follow the manufacturers instructions contained in the rating charts, manuals and operating procedures provided with the crane. wear safety helmets in any area where workers could be hit or struck by falling objects. provision for temporary storage, if required? WorkSafe recommends that braces have permanently fixed identification displaying the following information: This allows the braces to be easily identified. This process applies risk management methods and allows early identification of risks that can be addressed through design. Factors considered in the determination of these loads include (but are not limited to): the terrain, height above ground, wind direction, shielding, topography, shape of the precast concrete element, position on structure, surface roughness, site subsoil classification, hazard factor, return period, near fault factor and period of vibration. Handling precast concrete elements that are still contaminated with substances commonly used in precast concrete work, including curing compounds and release agents. Risks to health and safety come from people being exposed to hazards (sources of harm). The included angle between the main hoist rope and the auxiliary hoist rope should not exceed 30 degrees. [PDF, 629 KB](PDF). confirmed suitable access for the delivery vehicle(s)? Torque-controlled anchors can also be used. Does the erection plan address all aspects of the erection procedure? See Section 4 of WorkSafes interpretive guidelinesGeneral Risk and Workplace Management, Part 1. including delivery loads, placing and erecting loads? Surface finish requirements can influence the preferred orientation of a precast concrete element in the mould. See Section 2 of WorkSafes interpretive guidelines General Riskand Workplace Management, Part 2 [PDF, 421 KB](PDF). Is there enough space to store precast concrete elements? The precast concrete manufacturer and other PCBUs involved in the design, transport and erection processes should work together to plan the intended construction and erection sequences before the precast concrete elements are manufactured. A temporary propping system may be required for a suspended slab. If PCBUs cant eliminate the risk, PCBUs must minimise it, so far as is reasonably practicable, by providingsupports or other devices to be placed or used under the raised object so that the raised object cant be lowered onto or fall onto anyone underneath it. Different sets of lifting points and cast-in devices may be used for various handling stages. The training is not understood by workers perhaps it was not adapted to suit their numeracy (number), literacy (reading/writing) or language skills. A notifiable event is any of the following events that arise from work: WorkSafe must be notified as soon as possible after a PCBU becomes aware that a notifiable event has occurred. Where cast-in inserts are unusable after casting, obtain approval from a competent person (such as an engineer) to use an alternative rigging or fixing method. Seismic assessment of precast concrete elements on multi-storey structures requires a detailed structural analysis by a competent person. designated areas for loading, unloading, reversing, turning around? Three or more braces may be needed for larger precast concrete elements. The driver should refer to the site traffic management plan before beginning the delivery journey. They may have inserts cast in to suit a particular rigging arrangement, or they may be intended to be lifted by slings or other means without using cast-in inserts. to have practices that give workers reasonable opportunities to participate effectively in the ongoing improvement of work health and safety. certify strongback design and connections to precast concrete elements, consider placement and type of the appropriate insert when fixing strongbacks, for example, cast-in inserts or torque-controlled expansion post-installed fixings. PCBUs must work with other PCBUs and workers to control work-related risks. PCBUs must also engagewith workers and their representatives when identifying and assessing risks,and when deciding how to eliminate or minimise the risks. Lifting anchors within a precast concrete element should be specified as cast-in products. Identify all potential emergency conditions and develop a suitable response for each one. work being done under any raised or lifted object (including objects lifted by crane), and. The dynamic influence has to be incorporated in the design by multiplying the action imposed by a dynamic factor. The driver should be trained and competent to manage the risks and hazards associated with transporting precast concrete elements. MS - Precast Wall Installation Rev 0 | PDF - Scribd You will need to identify and assess health and safety risks arising fromyour own work. One way of demonstrating competence is through nationally recognised qualifications, or components of them. This is likely to involve engaging often with workers and their representatives to check if the control measures are eliminating/minimising work risks. Wind effects on the load or crane during extremeweather events. Based on the result, it can be concluded that the contractor's safety aspect of concern in Penang is proper planning and preparatory work, done before actual installation, with an extremely high . imposed gravity loads arising from use (for the purposes of these guidelines,this includes all imposed loads), adverse effects due to insufficient separation from other buildings, influence of equipment, services, non-structural elements and contents, time dependent effects including creep and shrinkage, and, any restricted work, as defined in regulation 2 of the Health and Safetyin Employment (Asbestos) Regulations 1998, any commercial logging operation or tree-felling operation. These loads must be derived in accordance with the relevant requirements in the AS/NZS 1170 series. Where more than two braces are used there is difficulty ensuring an even loaddistribution. They ensure that the load is safely rigged for lifting and that the crane is directed safely for all movements of the load. For example, preventing entry to the Crane Exclusion Zone unless people are signed onto the lift plan. What do you need to think about when managing your workplace hazardous substances? Yes No Safe Mixing of Hebel Thin Bed Adhesive and Thick Bed Mortar Safe Cutting of Hebel PowerPanels Working Safely with Products containing respirable crystalline silica Licence to Perform High Risk Work - Dogger (DG) Comments: Mandatory - all Forklift Operators Crane Operators Dogger Operator Section 6: Chemicals Any variations or modifications to the erection sequence should be approved by a competent person. All PCBUs must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of workers and that other people are not put at risk from the work of the business or undertaking. See the NZTA website for information about work time and logbook requirements. Carry out calculations, analysis, tests or examinations needed to make sure the plant, substance or structure designed/ manufactured/supplied is without health and safety risks so far as is reasonably practicable (or arrange the carrying out of such tests). Will training cover identification of hazards related to: handling, transporting, storing, and erecting precast concrete? A unique numbering system to clearly identify individual items should also be used. Contact a competent person (such as an engineer) immediately if anchors are incorrectly located, faulty or missing, or if concrete is poorly compacted or cracked close to lifting anchors. BCITO is appointed by the government to develop industry qualifications and set standards for the New Zealand building and construction sector. Lifting anchors that are used for lifting and handling during all stages of manufacture, delivery and installation should be designed to a minimum factor of 3.0. Under the GRWM Regulations, a PCBU must ensure that: In this example, the head contractor and crane sub-contractor on a construction site are both PCBUs. To remain effective, the plan needs to be maintained, regularly tested, and improved (if and when required). Precast concrete elements falling or collapsing and causing severe crush injuries (eg the uncontrolled collapse of elements, or a person beingcaught between an element and another object), Table 15: Handling, storing and transporting: What could go wrong. There may be hazards at your workplace that are not identified in these tables. Lifting anchors in precast concrete elements that will be lifted multiple times during their service life should be designed using a minimum factor of safety of 5.0. enable businesses and worker representatives to meet regularly and work co-operatively to improve health and safety at work, bring together workers and management to develop and review work health and safety policies and practices. WorkSafe recommends that a crane is fitted with multiple hoist drums that have automatically applied brakes and independent winch controls. They may be cited by WorkSafe New Zealand (WorkSafe) as a current expected standard of practice if poor practice is being alleged. Unless deliberately designed and specified, bracing anchors should not becloser than 300 mm to the edge of the precast concrete element or the bracingsupport. Precast Concrete Panel Installation SWMS Features: Instant Download; User friendly, easy to use templates; Instructions Provided; MS Word formatted templates for easy editing trained to transport precast concrete elements? The head contractorand the crane sub-contractor agree that if the crane sub-contractors workers need first aid while on-site they will use the construction sites first aid facilities. If a precast concrete element is to be erected, the head contractor and the erector should be given the following information before erection: Suction loads occur when precast concrete elements are being lifted off the casting bed or stacks, adding direct loading to crane lifting equipment and lifting anchors. power lines on the way to the site, as well as on the site itself? Transfer grid and mark wall position on slab. A worker is an individual who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU, and includes employees, contractors, sub-contractors, apprentices and trainees, and volunteer workers. Unless specifically noted otherwise, all temporary propping should: Propping for beams should allow for possible changes to the load distributionduring the construction process. the designer must provide adequate information about the purpose for which the plant, substance or structure was designed and any particular conditions related to use of the design. Purpose-built trailers have a significantly lower centre of gravity as the precast concrete panels sit either in a well in the centre of the trailer or on an outrigger on the side of the trailer. More than one PCBU can have a duty in relation to the same matter. the need for transport supports (eg a device, beam or girder temporarily fixed to a precast concrete element to give it extra support and/or provide stability during transport). As an upstream PCBU, the erector has a duty to, so far as is reasonably practicable, make sure that any plant or structure they install or construct is without health and safety risks. A Design Verifier is employed by an inspection body to carry out the functions referred to in the PECPR Regulations, and is the holder of a relevant certificate of competence. Are there electrical conductors or cables nearby? Any further modifications made on-site (such as drilling anchors not indicated in the plans) should only be done after consultation with a competent person. Striking overhead power lines when moving a precast concrete element. asked for and received any documentation that relates to the element? PCBUs must follow a prescribed risk management process in order to: If a PCBU cant eliminate the risk, the PCBU must minimise it, so far as is reasonably practicable. Each level of dunnage in a stack should be directly over the dunnage beneath, so the weight of all elements is transferred directly through the dunnage to the ground. PDF Precast Concrete Panels-Hazardous Storage - Occupational Safety and

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